† c.1900 BVM MARY OUR LADY OF LOURDES ROYALIST SILVER STAMPS RELICS BOX FRANCE †

Description

1900's ART NOUVEAU
ROYALIST
SILVERPLATED STAMPS BOX
OUR LADY of LOURDES / IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
BLESSED VIRGIN MARY
made in FRANCE.
DIMENSIONS:
60
X
50
X
30
mm.
W.
28
grs.
Our Lady of Lourdes
Our Lady of Lourdes
Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
The statue within the rock cave at
Massabielle
in
Lourdes
, where
Saint Bernadette Soubirous
claimed to have witnessed the
Blessed Virgin Mary
, though however she disapproved of its artistic
demeanor
. Now a religious
grotto
.
Location
Lourdes, France
Date
11 February 1858
Witness
Saint Bernadette Soubirous
Type
Marian apparition
Holy See approval
3 July 1876, during the pontificate of
Pope Pius IX
Shrine
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes
,
Lourdes, France
Patronage
Lourdes, France
,
Quezon City
of
Metro Manila
,
Tagaytay City
of
Cavite
,
Barangay Granada
of
Bacolod City
,
Daegu
,
South Korea
,
Tennessee
,
Diocese of Lancaster
, bodily ills, sick people, protection from diseases
Churches URL=
http://www.stswithuns.org.uk
holds daily prayers to Our Lady of Lourdes
Our Lady of Lourdes
is a
Roman Catholic
title of the
Blessed Virgin Mary
venerated in honor of the
Marian apparitions
that reportedly occurred in 1858 in the vicinity of
Lourdes
in
France
. The first of these is the apparition of 11 February 1858, when 14-year old
Bernadette Soubirous
told her mother that a "lady" spoke to her in the cave of Massabielle (a kilometre and a half (1 mi) from the town) while she was gathering firewood with her sister and a friend.
[1]
Similar apparitions of the alleged "Lady" were reported on seventeen occasions that year, until the climax revelation of
Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
took place.
[2]
In 18 January 1862,
Pope Pius IX
authorized Bishop Bertrand-Sévère Laurence to permit the veneration of the
Blessed Virgin Mary
in Lourdes. On 3 July 1876, the same
Pontiff
officially granted a
Canonical Coronation
to the image that used to be in the
courtyard
of what is now part of the
Rosary Basilica
.
[3]
[4]
The image of Our Lady of Lourdes has been widely copied and reproduced in shrines and homes, often in
garden
landscapes. Soubirous was later canonized as a
Catholic saint
.
Contents
[
hide
]
1
History
1.1
Bernadette Soubirous
1.2
Apparition
1.3
Historical context
2
Position of the Catholic Church
2.1
Approval of Lourdes
2.2
Nature of approval
2.3
Holy Mass of Our Lady of Lourdes
3
Popes and Lourdes
4
Lourdes water
5
Secular views
6
The Sanctuary
6.1
Affiliate and replica shrines
7
The Lourdes Medical Bureau
8
Pilgrimages
9
In popular culture
10
See also
11
Notes
12
References
12.1
Citations
12.2
Works cited
13
External links
History
[
edit
]
Bernadette Soubirous
[
edit
]
Bernadette
of
Lourdes
Main article:
Bernadette Soubirous
In 1858,
Bernadette Soubirous
reported a
vision
of Our Lady of Lourdes.
[5]
[6]
A simple 14-year-old peasant girl of no significant educational experience, Soubirous claimed she saw
uo petito damizelo
, "a small maiden,"
[7]
in white, with a golden rosary and blue belt fastened around her waist, and two golden roses at her feet. In subsequent visitations she heard the lady speak to her, saying
Que soy era Immaculada Concepciou
(
I am the Immaculate Conception
), and asking that a chapel be built there. At first ridiculed, questioned, and belittled by Church officials and other contemporaries, Soubirous insisted on her vision. Eventually the Church believed her and she was canonized by Pope
Pius XI
in 1933.
[8]
[9]
After church investigations confirmed her visions, a large church was built at the site.
[10]
Lourdes
is now a major Marian pilgrimage site: within France, only Paris has more hotels than Lourdes.
Apparition
[
edit
]
The venerated image of Our Lady of the Rosary granted a
Canonical Coronation
by Pope Pius XI on 3 July 1876. During that same year, an oversized golden
laurel wreath
was placed at the base as well as a stellar halo was attached to the head of the image; both no longer present.
On 11 February 1858, Soubirous went with her sisters Toinette and Jeanne Abadie to collect some firewood and bones in order to buy some bread. After taking off her shoes and stockings to wade through the water near the
Grotto
of Massabielle, she said she heard the sound of two gusts of wind (coups de vent) but the trees and bushes nearby did not move. A wild rose in a natural niche in the grotto, however, did move.
I came back towards the grotto and started taking off my stockings. I had hardly taken off the first stocking when I heard a sound like a gust of wind. Then I turned my head towards the meadow. I saw the trees quite still: I went on taking off my stockings. I heard the same sound again. As I raised my head to look at the grotto, I saw a lady dressed in white, wearing a white dress, a blue girdle and a yellow rose on each foot, the same color as the chain of her rosary; the beads of the rosary were white....From the niche, or rather the dark alcove behind it, came a dazzling light.
[11]
Soubirous tried to make the
sign of the Cross
but she could not, because her hands were trembling. The lady smiled, and invited Soubirous to pray the rosary with her.
[12]
Soubirous tried to keep this a secret, but Toinette told her mother. After parental cross-examination, she and her sister received
corporal punishment
for their story.
[13]
Three days later, 14 February, Soubirous returned to the Grotto. She had brought holy water as a test that the apparition was not of evil origin/provenance: "The second time was the following Sunday. ... Then I started to throw holy water in her direction, and at the same time I said that if she came from God she was to stay, but if not, she must go. She started to smile, and bowed ... This was the second time."
[14]
Soubirous's companions are said to have become afraid when they saw her in ecstasy. She remained ecstatic even as they returned to the village. On 18 February, she spoke of being told by the Lady to return to the Grotto over a period of two weeks. She quoted the apparition: "The Lady only spoke to me the third time. ... She told me also that she did not promise to make me happy in this world, but in the next."
[13]
Soubirous was ordered by her parents to never go there again. She went anyway, and on 24 February, Soubirous related that the apparition asked for prayer and penitence for the conversion of sinners.
Soubirous witnessing the apparition of the Virgin Mary. Stained glass, Bonneval.
The next day, she said the apparition asked her to dig in the ground and drink from the spring she found there. This made her dishevelled and some of her supporters were dismayed, but this act revealed the stream that soon became a focal point for pilgrimages.
[15]
Although it was muddy at first, the stream became increasingly clean. As word spread, this water was given to medical patients of all kinds, and many reports of miraculous cures followed. Seven of these cures were confirmed as lacking any medical explanations by Professor Verges in 1860. The first person with a "certified miracle" was a woman whose right hand had been deformed as a consequence of an accident. Several miracles turned out to be short-term improvement or even hoaxes, and Church and government officials became increasingly concerned.
[16]
The government fenced off the Grotto and issued stiff penalties for anybody trying to get near the off-limits area. In the process, Lourdes became a national issue in France, resulting in the intervention of Emperor
Napoleon III
with an order to reopen the grotto on 4 October 1858. The Church had decided to stay away from the controversy altogether.
Soubirous, knowing the local area well, managed to visit the barricaded grotto under cover of darkness. There, on 25 March, she said she was told: "I am the
Immaculate Conception
" (
"que soy era immaculada concepciou"
). On Easter Sunday, 7 April, her examining doctor stated that Soubirous, in ecstasy, was observed to have held her hands over a lit candle without sustaining harm. On 16 July, Soubirous went for the last time to the Grotto. "I have never seen her so beautiful before," she reported.
[16]
A garden image of the Lourdes apparition in Castlewellan, Northern Ireland
Main article:
Lourdes apparitions
The Church, faced with nationwide questions, decided to institute an investigative commission on 17 November 1858. On 18 January 1860, the local bishop finally declared that: "The Virgin Mary did appear indeed to Bernadette Soubirous."
[16]
These events established the Marian veneration in Lourdes, which together with
Fátima
, is one of the most frequented Marian shrines in the world, and to which between 4 and 6 million pilgrims travel annually.
In 1863,
Joseph-Hugues Fabisch
was charged to create a statue of the Virgin according to Soubirous's description. The work was placed in the grotto and solemnly dedicated on 4 April 1864 in presence of 20,000 pilgrims.
Soubirous was later canonized as a
saint
in 1933.
The veracity of the apparitions of Lourdes is not an article of faith for Catholics. Nevertheless, all recent Popes visited the Marian shrine at some time.
Benedict XV
,
Pius XI
, and
John XXIII
went there as bishops,
Pius XII
as papal delegate. He also issued an
encyclical
,
Le pèlerinage de Lourdes
, on the one-hundredth anniversary of the apparitions in 1958.
John Paul II
visited Lourdes three times during his Pontificate, and twice before as a Bishop.
Historical context
[
edit
]
Many Marian apparitions, although they may occur in different ages and cultures, share similarities. Soubirous's visions took place against a cultural backdrop of apparitions and other supernatural events that bear some resemblance to Soubirous's experiences. It is likely that Soubirous would have known of, and may even have been influenced by, such events, which were woven into the fabric of her society.
In nearby
Lestelle-Bétharram
, only a few kilometres from Lourdes, some shepherds guarding their flocks in the mountains observed a vision of a ray of light that guided them to the discovery of a statue of the Virgin Mary. Two attempts were made to remove the statue to a more prominent position; each time it disappeared and returned to its original location, at which a small chapel was built for it.
[17]
In the early sixteenth century, a twelve-year-old shepherdess called
Anglèze de Sagazan
received a vision of the Virgin Mary near the spring at
Garaison
(part of the
commune
of
Monléon-Magnoac
), somewhat further away. Anglèze's story is strikingly similar to that of Soubirous: she was a pious but illiterate and poorly educated girl, extremely impoverished, who spoke only in the local language, Gascon Occitan, but successfully convinced authorities that her vision was genuine and persuaded them to obey the instructions of her apparitions. Like Soubirous, she was the only one who could see the apparition (others could apparently hear it); however, the apparition at Garaison's supernatural powers tended toward the miraculous provision of abundant food, rather than healing the sick and injured. Mid-nineteenth century commentators noted the parallels between the events at Massabielle and Garaison, and interestingly, interpreted the similarities as proof of the divine nature of Soubirous's claims.
[18]
At the time of Soubirous, Garaison was a noted center of pilgrimage and Marian devotion.
There are also several similarities between the
apparition at La Salette
, near
Grenoble
, and Lourdes. La Salette is many hundreds of kilometres from Lourdes, and the events at La Salette predate those in Lourdes by 12 years. However, Virgin Mary's appearance of La Salette was tall and maternal (not petite and gentle like her Lourdes apparition) and had a darker, more threatening series of messages. It is not certain if Soubirous was aware of the events at La Salette.
[19]
Position of the Catholic Church
[
edit
]
The sanctuary basilica built at
Lourdes
directly above the site of the apparitions
Approval of Lourdes
[
edit
]
On 18 January 1862, Bishop Laurence, the
Bishop of Tarbes
, declared the following:
"We are inspired by the Commission comprising wise, holy, learned and experienced priests who questioned the child, studied the facts, examined everything and weighed all the evidence. We have also called on science, and we remain convinced that the Apparitions are supernatural and divine, and that by consequence, what Soubirous saw was the Most Blessed Virgin. Our convictions are based on the testimony of Soubirous, but above all on the things that have happened, things which can be nothing other than divine intervention".
[20]
Nature of approval
[
edit
]
Because the apparitions are private, and not public
revelations
, Catholics are not required to believe them. They do not add any additional material to the truths of the Catholic Church as expressed in
public revelation
. Soubirous said, "One must have faith and pray; the water will have no virtue without faith."
Holy Mass of Our Lady of Lourdes
[
edit
]
The Catholic Church celebrates a mass in honor of "Our Lady of Lourdes" (optional memorial) in many countries on February 11 of each year — the anniversary of the first apparition. There had long been a tradition of interpreting the
Song of Songs
as an allegory of God's love for the Church, so up until the
liturgical
reforms following
Vatican II
, a passage from this Old Testament book was used during the mass for its reference to the
"beloved"
appearing in a cleft of a rock
[21]
and its parallel with what Catholics have described as the "Mother of the Church"
[22]
being seen in the cleft of a rock in Lourdes.
[
citation needed
]
Popes and Lourdes
[
edit
]
Pope John Paul II
in the Grotto of Massabielle, in the Lourdes Shrine.
Pope Pius IX
approved the veneration in Lourdes and supported the building of the Cathedral in 1870 to which he donated several gifts. He approved the veneration and promoted Marian piety in Lourdes with the granting of special
indulgences
and the formation of local Lourdes associations.
[23]
Pope Leo XIII
crowned
Our Lady of La Salette
and issued an apostolic letter
Parte Humanae Generi
in commemoration of the consecration of the new Cathedral in Lourdes in 1879.
[24]
Pope Benedict XV
, when archbishop of
Bologna
, organized a diocesan pilgrimage to Lourdes, asking for the veneration of the Immaculate Virgin there. In 1907,
Pope Pius X
introduced the feast of the apparition of the Immaculate Virgin of Lourdes. In the same year he issued his encyclical
Pascendi dominici gregis
, in which he specifically repeated the permission to venerate the virgin in Lourdes.
[25]
Pope Benedict XVI
placing a crown
[a]
on Our Lady of Lourdes for the
plenary indulgence
he attached for pilgrims of the
World Day of the Sick
. 11 February 2007.
Saint Peter's Basilica
.
In 1937, Pius XI nominated
Eugenio Pacelli
as his 'Papal Delegate' to personally visit and venerate in Lourdes. Pius XI beatified Soubirous on 6 June 1925. He canonized her on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception on 8 December 1933 and determined her Feast Day to be 18 February. Soubirous, who suffered from
asthma
and
bone cancer
, had lived on the borderline of social acceptance in the church during her lifetime.
[26]
The Virgin Mary reportedly told Soubirous 'that she did not promise to make me happy in this world, but in the next.'
[27]
Pope Pius XII
, commemorating the hundredth anniversary of the Immaculate conception dogma, announced a Marian year, the first one on Church history. In his encyclical
Fulgens corona
, he described the events in Lourdes:
It seems that the Blessed Virgin Mary herself wished to confirm by some special sign the definition, which the Vicar of her Divine Son on earth had pronounced amidst the applause of the whole Church. For indeed four years had not yet elapsed when, in a French town at the foot of the Pyrenees, the Virgin Mother, youthful and benign in appearance, clothed in a shining white garment, covered with a white mantle and girded with a hanging blue cord, showed herself to a simple and innocent girl at the grotto of Massabielle. And to this same girl, earnestly inquiring the name of her with whose vision she was favored, with eyes raised to heaven and sweetly smiling, she replied: "I am the Immaculate Conception."
[28]
The Rosary Basilica, Lourdes
Le pèlerinage de Lourdes
, the only encyclical written on Lourdes, was issued on the centenary of the apparitions at
Lourdes
. The encyclical represents one of the strongest pronouncements of the papal
magisterium
on
Marian apparitions
in the history of the Catholic Church.
[
citation needed
]
The Pope presents Mary as the model of alternative lifestyle. The school of Mary teaches selflessness and charity.
In the school of Mary one can learn to live, not only to give Christ to the world, but also to await with faith the hour of Jesus, and to remain with Mary at the foot of the cross. Wherever providence has placed a person, there is always more to be done for God's cause. Priests should with supernatural confidence, show the narrow road which leads to life. Consecrated and Religious fight under Mary's banner against inordinate lust for freedom, riches, and pleasures. In response to the Immaculate, they will fight with the weapons of prayer and penance and by triumphs of charity. Go to her, you who are crushed by material misery, defenseless against the hardships of life and the indifference of men. Go to her, you who are assailed by sorrows and moral trials. Go to her, beloved invalids and infirm, you who are sincerely welcomed and honoured at Lourdes as the suffering members of our Lord. Go to her and receive peace of heart, strength for your daily duties, joy for the sacrifice you offer.
[29]
[30]
The
Basilica of St. Pius X
was consecrated on 25 March 1958, by the Patriarch of Venice, cardinal Angelo Roncalli, the future
Pope John XXIII
. Giovanni Battista Montini, the future
Pope Paul VI
, had visited Lourdes as archbishop of Milan.
Pope John Paul II
undertook three pilgrimages to Lourdes, the last one shortly before his death.
Pope Benedict XVI
visited Lourdes commemorating the 150th anniversary of the apparitions in September 2008. Born on Soubirous' feast day 16 April in 1927, three days after his 78th birthday the then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger was elected to the
See of Peter
on 19 April 2005 in a papal conclave and celebrated his Papal Inauguration Mass on 24 April 2005.
Lourdes water
[
edit
]
Main article:
Lourdes water
The location of the spring was described to Soubirous by an apparition of Our Lady of Lourdes on 25 February 1858. Since that time many thousands of pilgrims to Lourdes have followed the instruction of Our Lady of Lourdes to "drink at the spring and wash in it".
Although never formally encouraged by the Church, Lourdes water has become a focus of devotion to the Virgin Mary at Lourdes. Since the apparitions, many people have claimed to have been cured by drinking or bathing in it,
[31]
and the Lourdes authorities provide it free of charge to any who ask for it.
[32]
An analysis of the water was commissioned by Mayor Anselme Lacadé of Lourdes in 1858. It was conducted by a professor in
Toulouse
, who determined that the water was
potable
and that it contained the following: oxygen,
nitrogen
,
carbonic acid
,
carbonates
of lime and magnesia, a trace of carbonate of
iron
, an alkaline carbonate or silicate,
chlorides
of
potassium
and
sodium
, traces of
sulphates
of potassium and soda, traces of
ammonia
, and traces of
iodine
.
[33]
Essentially, the water is quite pure and inert. Lacadé had hoped that Lourdes water might have special mineral properties which would allow him to develop Lourdes into a spa town, to compete with neighbouring
Cauterets
and
Bagnères-de-Bigorre
.
[31]
Secular views
[
edit
]
Historical,
psychological
,
natural analogies
and other empirical explanations have been forwarded, all of which are welcomed by the
Catholic Church
, provided they are generally open-ended and unbiased.
[34]
Analogies are most common in Marian apparitions, they indicate that the person involved used popular images and common language. They do not by themselves support arguments for or against the apparition itself.
Thus, Soubirous described the apparition as
uo petito damizelo
("a tiny maiden") of about twelve years old. Soubirous insisted that the apparition was no taller than herself. At 1.40 metres (4 ft 7 in) tall, Soubirous was diminutive even by the standards of other poorly nourished children.
[35]
Soubirous described that the apparition as dressed in a flowing white robe, with a blue sash around her waist. This was the uniform of a religious group called the
Children of Mary
, which, on account of her poverty, Soubirous was not permitted to join (although she was admitted after the apparitions).
[36]
Her Aunt Bernarde was a long-time member.
The statue that currently stands in the niche within the grotto of Massabielle was created by the
Lyonnais
sculptor
Joseph-Hugues Fabisch
in 1864. Although it has become an iconographic symbol of Our Lady of Lourdes, it depicts a figure which is not only older and taller than Soubirous's description, but also more in keeping with orthodox and traditional representations of the Virgin Mary. On seeing the statue, Soubirous was profoundly disappointed with this representation of her vision.
[37]
The Sanctuary
[
edit
]
The
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes
The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes or the
Domain
(as it is most commonly known) is an area of ground surrounding the shrine (
Grotto
) to Our Lady of Lourdes in the town of
Lourdes
,
France
. This ground is owned and administrated by the
Church
, and has several functions, including devotional activities, offices, and accommodation for sick pilgrims and their helpers. The Domain includes the Grotto itself, the nearby taps which dispense the
Lourdes water
, and the offices of the
Lourdes Medical Bureau
, as well as several churches and basilicas. It comprises an area of 51
hectares
, and includes 22 separate places of worship.
[38]
There are six official languages of the Sanctuary: French, English, Italian, Spanish, Dutch and German.
Affiliate and replica shrines
[
edit
]
The
Church of Notre Dame (New York City)
is an affiliated Church of Our Lady of Lourdes. It is dedicated to her veneration and Lourdes waters are available to pilgrims at the New York church, with the 1910 interior constructed as a faithful, large-scale replica of the Grotto.
Scotland's
Carfin Grotto
includes a replica of Our Lady of Lourdes.
Mount Saint Mary's University, Emmitsburg, MD
National Shrine Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes
.
The Lourdes Medical Bureau
[
edit
]
Main article:
Lourdes Medical Bureau
To ensure claims of cures were examined properly and to protect the town from fraudulent claims of miracles, the
Lourdes Medical Bureau
(Bureau Medical) was established at the request of
Pope Saint Pius X
. It is completely under medical rather than ecclesiastical supervision. Approximately 7000 people have sought to have their case confirmed as a miracle, of which 69 have been declared a scientifically inexplicable miracle by both the Bureau and the Catholic Church.
[39]
The officially recognized miracle cures in Lourdes are among the least controversial in the Catholic world, because Lourdes from the very beginning was subject to intense medical investigation from skeptical doctors around the world. All medical doctors with the appropriate specialization in the area of the cure have unlimited access to the files and documents of the
Lourdes Medical Bureau
(Bureau Medical),
[40]
which also contains all approved and disapproved miracles. Most officially recognized cures in Lourdes were openly discussed and reported on in the media at the time. Nevertheless, there were a few instances where medically ascertained incomprehension turned out not to be miracles, because the illness reappeared in later years. In the vast number of cases however, the judgment of the medical and ecclesiastical authorities was upheld as beyond medical explanation in later critical investigations.
[41]
Pilgrimages
[
edit
]
Skyline of the sanctuary at Lourdes
See also:
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes
The
pilgrimage site
is visited by millions each year, and Lourdes has become one of the prominent pilgrimage sites of the world. Miraculous healings have been claimed, and a number of these have been documented by the Lourdes Medical Commission. Large numbers of sick pilgrims travel to Lourdes each year in the hope of physical healing or spiritual renewal.
In popular culture
[
edit
]
This article
needs additional citations for
verification
.
Please help
improve this article
by
adding citations to reliable sources
. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
(February 2016)
(
Learn how and when to remove this template message
)
In 1939, Henry K. Dunn directed
Miracle at Lourdes
for MGM's
Miniature
series. It is a short film about a terminally ill woman who hopes to be healed at the shrine.
In
1943
, the events became the basis of the film
The Song of Bernadette
.
Jennifer Jones
played the title role while
Linda Darnell
portrayed the Virgin Mary. The film won several Academy Awards, including an
Academy Award for Best Actress
for Jones.
[42]
In 1959, singer
Andy Williams
recorded a song entitled
The Village of St. Bernadette
.
[43]
Also in 1959,
Loretta Young
filmed
The Road
, an episode of her popular television show, in Lourdes.
Aaron Neville
and
Linda Ronstadt
performed a duet version of the
Leonard Cohen
song
Song of Bernadette
in concert in New Orleans.
In 2009
Jessica Hausner
wrote and directed the French feature film
Lourdes
starring
Sylvie Testud
. The fictional drama tells the story of wheelchair-bound Christine, who in order to escape her isolation, makes a life changing journey to Lourdes, the iconic site of pilgrimage in the
Pyrenees
.
[44]
In 2015–16, singer-songwriter
Michael Knott
recorded a song entitled
Lady of Lourdes
.
[45]
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